Views: 8 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2022-04-27 Origin: Site
What are tower cranes used for?
The operating characteristics of a tower crane are largely determined by its type of mounting, type of tower and type of jib.
Static tower crane
A tower crane with a static base only occupies a limited area but is able to cover, from its fixed position, all points at which loads are to be handled within the maximum slewing radius. They can be set at varying heights up to their maximum free-standing height. They can also be extended beyond this limit by tying the crane back to the supporting structure.
Rail mounted tower crane
Rail-mounted tower cranes have a larger area of coverage as they can travel along their tracks carrying their rated loads. However, the height requirement should not exceed the free-standing height as recommended by the manufacturer.
On the other hand, the crane service would be disrupted whenever work must be done on or near the track. The advantage of mobile tower cranes lies in great inward reach without the long jib which would normally be required to reach over the top of the structure.
Self erecting crane
Generally, truck-mounted tower cranes are completely self-contained and can be driven along roads. They are generally capable of comparatively rapid erection and dismantling. They are however generally unable to travel in their fully erected state and cannot handle loads while traveling.
Crawling tower crane
Crawler-mounted tower cranes are required to be transported on a low-loader or towed on special road axles when traveling on public roads. Inside the workplace, some can travel over a firm, flat, level ground carrying loads up to a specified proportion of their rated loads.
They are also able to travel in a partially erected state but without load over unprepared ground provided it is within certain limits of level and compaction.
Tower crane jib
A horizontal trolley jib usually has a smaller minimum operating radius than the equivalent luffing jib and is thus able to handle loads closer to the tower of the crane. For a given height of the tower, however, a greater height of lift is available with a luffing jib, and the jib can be raised or lowered to clear obstacles. One advantage of a fixed luff jib is that its extra height at the jib head enables it to clear objects that would obstruct a horizontal trolley jib. The advantage of a rear-pivoted luffing jib is that it has a smaller minimum hook radius than an ordinary luffing jib.
Articulated jib crane
For articulated jibs, some designs are not required to weather vane. In this case, the crane is made to withstand storm winds with the jib drawn into minimum radius; there is then no need for a 360° obstruction-free slewing path. One type of this crane has a hinged jib arranged so that the outer portion remains horizontal. As the jib is folded, the outer portion rises, giving increased height and the ability to pass over obstructions.
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